Protein Synthesis involves two major steps:
1) Transcription
- Turning DNA message into mRNA
2) Translation
- The process of turning mRNA into a protein
Important types of RNA:
1) mRNA
- messenger
- brings the RNA strand to the ribosome
2) rRNA
- ribosomal
- breaks apart the mRNA strand into codons
3) tRNA
- transporter
- brings the amino acids to be connected to the codons
Summary:
DNA is transcribed into mRNA. This strand of mRNA then leaves the nucleus and enters the ribosome. rRNA breaks apart the strand into groups of three nitrogen bases, called codons. Then, tRNA brings down the matching amino acids to be connected to the codons. Amino acids are connected by a peptide bond. Multiple bonds are called a polypeptide. This creates a protein.
Citations:
"What Is Protein Synthesis - Protein Synthesis". Protein Synthesis. N.p., 2013. Web. 13 Apr. 2017.
Black, Jordan. "Protein Synthesis". 2017. Presentation.
What does rRNA stand for?
ReplyDeleterRNA stands for ribosomal RNA. This is what breaks apart an entire strand into codons.
DeleteIs there any way the correct code can be messed up?
ReplyDeleteMutations can occur because of natural/random errors or because of environmental factors (such as exposure to radiation).
DeleteIs there any other types of RNA than the ones listed?
ReplyDeleteYes, but the three listed above are the only three involved in Protein Synthesis.
Delete(snRNA forms complexes that are used in RNA processing in eukaryotes)